代写 CHI255 Human Anatomy II

CHI255 Human Anatomy II Unit Information and Learning Guide Semester One, 2016 This information should be read in conjunction with the online learning materials which can be found on your MyUnits page. Unit Coordinator Dr Amanda Meyer School of Health Professions ECL 2.056 90 South Street Murdoch WA 6150 Phone: + 61 8 9360 2150 Email: A.Meyer@murdoch.edu.au © Published by Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, February 2016. This publication is copyright. Except as permitted by the Copyright Act no part of it may in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or any other means be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be broadcast or transmitted without the prior written permission of the publisher. Murdoch University  2 Contents Unit information Information about the unit  3 Contact details  10 How to study this unit  11 Resources for the unit  13 Study schedule 18 Assessment  19 Learning guide Introduction  23 Topic 1  HEAD & NECK  24 Topic 2  THORAX  25 Topic 3  ABDOMEN  26 Topic 4  PELVIS & PERINEUM  27 Assumed Knowledge from CHI108 28 Murdoch University  3 Information about the unit Welcome to: CHI255 Human Anatomy II Unit description This unit has a regional clinically-oriented approach to gross human anatomy. The regions covered in this unit are the head and neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis and perineum. Emphasis is placed on the viscera, autonomic innervation, referred pain and the anatomical basis of common pathologies. Practical classes consist of cadaveric (prosection) laboratories, living (surface) anatomy and radiographic anatomy. Prerequisites BMS101 Introduction to the Human Body Exclusions CHI280 Human Anatomy I Aims of the unit The broad aims of this unit are to: 1. To deepen your knowledge of the normal anatomy of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, and perineum. 2. To familiarise you with cross-sectional anatomy. 3. To provide you with opportunities to explore the normal anatomy of prosected human cadavers and living patients. 4. To introduce you to the principles of radiographic anatomy. 5. To encourage you to use your anatomical knowledge to identify normal structures on clinical images. Murdoch University  4 Learning outcomes for the unit A consensus was reached at the Australian and New Zealand Association of Clinical Anatomists in December 2015 that a core anatomy syllabus for allied health professional should be based upon the following articles: Smith CF, Finn GM, Stewart J, Atkinson MA, Davies DC, Dyball R, Morris J, Ockleford C, Parkin I, Standring S, Whiten S, Wilton J, McHanwell S. (2015) The Anatomical Society core regional anatomy syllabus for undergraduate medicine. J Anat. 2015 Nov 27. doi: 10.1111/joa.12405 Moxham B, McHanwell S, Plaisant O, Pais D. (2015) A core syllabus for the teaching of neuroanatomy to medical students. Clin Anat. 2015 Sep;28(6):706-16. doi: 10.1002/ca.22577. On successful completion of the unit you should be able to: Topic 1: HEAD AND NECK 1. Identify the major foramina of the skull, both internally and externally, and list the structure(s) that each transmits. 2. Describe the main muscles of the face and summarize their nerve supply and the consequences of injury to their nerve supply. 3. Describe the anatomy of the eyelid, conjunctiva and lacrimal gland. Explain their importance for the maintenance of corneal integrity. 4. Describe the actions and nerve supply of the intrinsic and extraocular muscles. Explain the consequences of injury to their nerve supply. 5. Describe the anatomy of the following reflexes: direct and consensual light reflexes; accommodation reflex; corneal reflex. 6. Describe the bones of the nasal cavity, in particular the major features of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. Describe the arteries that supply the lateral wall and nasal septum in relation to epistaxis. 7. Name the paranasal sinuses. Describe their relationship to the nasal cavity and their sites of drainage through its lateral wall. Explain their innervation in relation to referred pain. 8. Describe the intracranial and intrapetrous course of the facial nerve and the relationships of its major branches to the middle ear in relation to damage of the nerve within the facial canal. 9. Describe the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint. Explain the movements that occur during mastication and describe the muscles involved and their innervation. 10. Describe the course and major branches of the maxillary artery, including the course and intracranial relations of the middle meningeal artery and its significance in extradural haemorrhage. 11. Describe the anatomy of the sensory and motor components of the trigeminal nerve, including how their integrity is tested clinically. Murdoch University  5 12. Describe the functional anatomy of the auricle, external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles and the pharyngotympanic tube. 13. Describe the anatomy of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands and their autonomic secretor motor innervation. 14. Describe the boundaries and major features of the oral cavity and summaries its sensory innervation. 15. Describe the anatomy of the tongue, including its motor and sensory innervation and the role of its extrinsic and intrinsic muscles. Explain the deviation of the tongue on protrusion following hypoglossal nerve injury. 16. Describe the anatomy, function and innervation of the muscles of the pharynx and soft palate. 17. Describe the components of the gag reflex and how they are tested. 18. Demonstrate the boundaries of the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck defined by the sternum, clavicle, mandible, mastoid process, trapezius, sternocleidomastoid and the midline. 19. In the posterior triangle, demonstrate the position of the spinal accessory nerve, the roots and trunks of the brachial plexus, the phrenic nerve, the external jugular vein and subclavian vessels. 20. In the anterior triangle, demonstrate the position of the common, internal and external carotid arteries, the internal jugular vein and vagus nerve, the hyoid bone, the trachea, thyroid cartilage, larynx, thyroid and parathyroid glands. 21. Demonstrate the origin, course and functions of the motor and sensory nerve supply to the larynx and the functional consequences of their injury. 22. Describe the position and anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands and the significance of the courses of the laryngeal nerves. 23. Demonstrate the origin, course and major branches of the common, internal and external carotid arteries and locate the carotid pulse. 24. Describe the courses of the accessory, vagus and phrenic nerves in the neck. 25. Describe the anatomy of the motor and sensory nerves to the head and neck and apply this knowledge to a neurological assessment of the cranial and upper cervical spinal nerves. 26. Describe the sympathetic innervation of the head and neck including the features and main  causes  of  Horner’s  Syndrome. 27. Describe the anatomy of the major groups of lymph nodes in the head and neck. 28. Utilize standard diagnostic images, e.g. CT, MRI, x-ray to identify the normal anatomy of the head and neck. Topic 2: THORAX 1. Demonstrate the main anatomical features and surface landmarks of the thoracic vertebrae, ribs and sternum. 2. Describe the anatomy of the joints between the ribs, vertebrae, costal cartilage and sternum. Explain their contribution to the movements of ventilation. 3. Describe the anatomy of the intercostal muscles. Describe a neurovascular bundle in a typical intercostal space and outline the structures its components supply. Murdoch University  6 4. Describe the attachments and relations of the diaphragm and the structures that pass through and behind it. Explain the movements of the diaphragm, its motor and sensory innervation and pleural and peritoneal coverings. 5. Describe the boundaries of the thoracic inlet and outlet and the structures that pass through them and their relations. 6. Describe the arrangement and contents of the superior, anterior, middle and posterior parts of the mediastinum. 7. Summarize the anatomy of the bronchial tree and bronchopulmonary segments and explain their functional and clinical significance. 8. Describe the blood supply, innervation and venous and lymphatic drainage of the lungs. Describe the structures in the hilum of the lung and their relationships to each other and to the mediastinum. 9. Demonstrate the surface markings of the pleura and the lobes and fissures of the lungs and explain their clinical relevance. 10. Demonstrate the arrangement of the fibrous and serous layers of the pericardium and relate it to conditions such as cardiac tamponade and pericarditis. 11. Describe the origin, course and main branches of the left and right coronary arteries and discuss the functional consequences of their obstruction in conditions such as ischaemic heart disease. 12. Identify the major anatomical features of each chamber and explain their functional significance. 13. Describe the structures and position of the atrioventricular, pulmonary and aortic valves and describe their function in the prevention of reflux of blood during the cardiac cycle. 14. Demonstrate the surface markings of the heart and the position and site of auscultation of its four major valves. 15. Describe the course of the ascending aorta, arch of aorta, descending thoracic aorta. Names their major branches and the structures they supply. 16. Describe the origins, courses and relationships of the brachiocephalic veins, inferior and superior vena cavae and the azygos venous system. 17. Describe the origin, course and distribution of the vagus and phrenic nerves. 18. Describe the distribution and function of the sympathetic chains and thoracic splanchnic nerves. Explain the mechanism of referred pain from T1-5 sympathetic afferents to the chest wall and relate it to the thoracic viscera. 19. Describe the course, major relations and neurovascular supply of the oesophagus within the thorax. 20. Describe the course and major relations of the thoracic duct. Explain the lymph drainage within the thorax and its clinical significance. 21. Describe the anatomy of the breast including tis neurovascular supply. Explain the lymphatic drainage of the breast and its clinical significance to metastatic spread. 22. Identify major thoracic structures on standard diagnostic images. e.g. CT and X-ray. Murdoch University  7 Topic 3: ABDOMEN 1. Demonstrate the surface projections of the abdominal organs onto the four quadrants and nine descriptive regions of the abdomen. 2. Describe the anatomy, innervation and functions of the muscles of the anterior, lateral and posterior abdominal walls. Discuss the functional relationships with the thoracic and pelvic diaphragms and their roles in posture, ventilation and voiding of abdominal/pelvic/thoracic contents. 3. Describe the relationship between the femoral canal and the inguinal ligament and the anatomy of hernias. 4. Demonstrate the surface projections of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum, appendix, ascending/transverse/descending/sigmoid colon. 5. Describe the organization and clinical significance of the parietal and visceral peritoneum,  the  greater  and  lesser  sacs,  mesenteries  and  peritoneal  ‘  ligaments’.  Explain the significance of the attachments of the ascending and descending colon to the posterior abdominal wall. 6. Describe the functional anatomy of the small and large bowel mesenteries; their structure, location and their vascular, lymphatic and neural contents. 7. Explain the nerve supply of the parietal and visceral peritoneum and the role of the visceral peritoneum in referred pain. 8. Describe the position and functional anatomy of the stomach, its position, parts, sphincters, vascular, lymphatic and nerve supply and key relations to other abdominal organs. 9. Describe the duodenum, its parts, position, secondary retroperitoneal attachment; vascular, lymphatic and nerve supply and key relations to other abdominal organs. 10. Describe the regions and positions of the small and large intestine and their vascular, lymphatic and nerve supply. Describe the anatomical variations in the position of the appendix and explain their significance in relation to appendicitis. 11. Describe the position and functional anatomy of the liver, its lobes, segments and their key anatomical relations. Explain the peritoneal reflections of the liver and its movement during ventilation. Summarise the functional anatomy of the portal vein, the portal venous system, porto-systemic anastomoses and their significance in portal hypertension. 12. Describe the position, functional anatomy and vasculature of the gall bladder and biliary tree; explain their relations in the abdomen and the clinical significance of inflammation of the biliary system and biliary (gall) stones. 13. Describe the position of form of the pancreas and its relations to other abdominal organs. Discuss the significance of these relations to pancreatitis and biliary stone disease. 14. Describe the position and functional anatomy of the kidneys and ureters. Demonstrate their relations to other abdominal and pelvic structures. Discuss the clinical significance of renal and ureteric anatomy in relation to urinary stones. 15. Describe the position and relations of the suprarenal (adrenal) glands and their functional anatomy. Murdoch University  8 16. Describe the anatomy of the spleen, including its position, blood supply, surface markings, relations and peritoneal attachments. Explain the significance of these relations in trauma, chronic infection and haematopoietic disorders. 17. Describe the origins, courses and major branches of the abdominal aorta, coeliac trunk superior and inferior mesenteric, renal and gonadal arteries. Describe the origin and course of the inferior vena cava and its major tributaries. 18. Describe the anatomy of the lymph nodes draining the abdominal viscera and their significance in relation to metastatic spread. 19. Utilize standard diagnostic images, e.g. CT, x-ray, ultrasound to identify the normal radiographic anatomy of the abdomen. Topic 4: PELVIS & PERINEUM 1. Describe the anatomy and functional importance of the pelvic diaphragm, its midline raphe, perineal body, attachment points and the structures passing through it in males and females. Describe the clinical significance of the pelvic diaphragm, e.g. in relation to continence, prolapse and episiotomy. 2. Describe the anatomy of the bladder, its base and ureteric openings and its relationship to the overlying peritoneum. Explain how the position of the bladder changes with filling and during pregnancy. 3. Describe the anatomy of the urethra; explain the anatomy of tis different parts in males and females in relation to continence and urinary tract infections. 4. Describe the anatomy of the scrotum, testis and epididymis. Explain the significance of the vascular supply of the testis in relation to torsion and varicocele and the lymphatic drainage in relation to tumor spread. 5. Describe the structures and course of the spermatic cord and ductus (vas) deferens. 6. Describe the anatomy and relations of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles. 7. Describe the anatomy and relations of the ovary, uterine tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina, including peritoneal coverings. Describe the changes that occur in the uterus and cervix with pregnancy. 8. Describe the origin, course and relations of the ovarian, uterine, vaginal and testicular arteries. 9. Describe the anatomy and neurovascular supply of the penis, scrotum, the clitoris, vulva and vagina. Explain the anatomy of the urogenital diaphragm and perineal ‘pouches”. 10. Describe the origin, course and distribution of the pudendal nerves and the sites of pudendal nerve block. 11. Describe the anatomy, relations and peritoneal coverings of the sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal. Explain the functional anatomy of puborectalis, the anal sphincters and their role in faecal continence. 12. Describe the blood supply and venous drainage of the distal bowel; the supply from superior rectal (from inferior mesenteric), middle rectal (from internal iliac) and inferior rectal arteries (from internal pudendal to anal canal only), and porto-systemic venous anastomoses. Explain the clinical significance of the blood supply and venous drainage of the distal bowel, e.g. in continence, haemorrhoids and anal fissures. 13. Briefly describe the lymphatic drainage of the pelvic and perineal organs. Murdoch University  9 Graduate attributes developed in the unit This unit will contribute to the development of the following Graduate Attributes. ?  Communication ?  Critical and creative thinking ?  Social interaction ?  Independent and lifelong learning ?  Ethics ?  Interdisciplinarity ?  In-depth knowledge of a field of study What you need to know Generic information which students need to know is available at What you need to know web page. The information includes: ?  links to the Assessment Policy ?  a description of Academic Integrity ?  links to information about: Examinations; Non-discriminatory language; Student appeals; Student complaints; Conscientious objection and assessment policy ?  determination of grades from components/marks ?  information for equity students This unit was originally written by: Dr Amanda Meyer, 8 th February 2016. Murdoch University  10 Contact details Unit  Coordinator’s contact details Human Anatomy Lecturer Name: Dr. Amanda Meyer, PhD Email: A.Meyer@murdoch.edu.au Room: ECL 2.056 Phone: +61 8 9360 2150 Radiographic Anatomy Lecturers Name: Assoc. Prof. Jeff Cooley Email: J.Cooley@murdoch.edu.au Room: ECL 2.048 Phone: +61 8 9360 2754 Name: Dr. Ken Young Email: K.Young@murdoch.edu.au Room: ECL 2.066 Phone: +61 8 9360 7370 Cadaveric Anatomy Demonstrator Name: Dr. Emad Ardakani Email: E.Ardakani@murdoch.edu.au Room: ECL 2.057 Phone: +61 8 9360 2617 Living Anatomy Demonstrator Name: Dr. Amber Beynon Email: A.Beynon@murdoch.edu.au Administrative contact details Name: Ms Colette Larsen Email: C.Larsen@murdoch.edu.au Room: BITL 1.003 Phone: + 61 8 9360 6019 Murdoch University  11 How to study this unit Students should print off material placed on the LMS and read relevant sections of the textbook prior to coming to the lecture or practical sessions. In doing so, you will be prepared to actively engage in learning and class discussions. CHI255 Human Anatomy II is a demanding unit with a large workload. You are expected to develop a thorough understanding of the gross anatomy of the human body and to be able to recall key knowledge. Retention of anatomy knowledge learned in this unit will form the basis of your success in later units. What will help you LEARN anatomy? ?  Strategic learning: deep on important content, surface for other details. ?  Focus on understanding rather than memorisation. ?  Engage in lectures, tutorials and laboratories. ?  Allocate lots of time for self-directed study and revision (AVOID CRAMMING!!!) ?  Regularly review course content (repeated re-learnings will increase your retention) ?  Regulary test yourself – quizzes on LMS, online quizzes, apps, flashcards “Successful  learning  of  anatomy  requires  a  balance  between  memorisation  with  understanding  and  visualisation”  (Pandey and Zimitat, 2007). The anatomy prosection and radiology laboratories (Amen 2.001/ 2.014) are contextual learning environments. Attendance at all practical sessions is MANDATORY and attendance records will be reviewed. By attending these practical sessions, you can integrate the theory learned in the lectures with being able to visualise and explore human cadaver prosections, models and radiographs – giving you the complete picture. Students are expected to engage in the practical sessions and ensure that they allow themselves enough time to view all material and complete their weekly lab worksheets. As second year students, it is expected that you can identify what you need to view and can manage your time in the lab to achieve this without the need for timed stations. This style of practical session is normal for second year anatomy students at many universities and helps students develop the critical skills of organisation and time management. Contact time 5 contact hours/week: 1 hour cadaveric anatomy laboratory class 1 hour radiographic anatomy lecture 1 hour radiographic anatomy practical class 1 hour anatomy tutorial 1 hour living anatomy practical class 5 non-contact hours/week – directed or self-directed study Murdoch University  12 Time commitment As this is a 3 credit point unit, we expect you to spend on average 10 hours per week for the total weeks of this teaching period (or 150 hours overall) working on this unit. Attendance requirements Attendance at all practical and laboratory classes is MANDATORY as resources from these classes (not available online) form the majority of assessments in this unit. Small group and interactive teaching and learning activities Our practical sessions (cadaveric, living and radiographic anatomy) are designed to be undertaken in pairs or small groups to endorse the principle that small group and interactive learning and teaching is an important part of the Murdoch experience. Unit changes in response to student feedback ?  Increased emphasis on living anatomy. ?  Online class tests with specific feedback once assessment is finished. ?  Formative quizzes (Moodle or Socrative) to prepare for class tests. ?  Increased clinical application. ?  Videos using anatomy laboratory specimens. ?  Tutorial sessions. ?  Lists of structures to identify for each laboratory class to provide more direction. ?  Digital learning station now provided in the Human Anatomy Laboratory. Murdoch University  13 Resources for this unit It is essential that you have at least one theory textbook: McKinley  MP,  O’Loughlin  VD,  Pennerfather-O’Brien  EE  &  Harris  RT  (2014) Human Anatomy. 4 th edition. McGrawHill. (Textbook from BMS101 and CHI108) or Moore KL, Dally AF & Agur AMR (2013) Clinically Oriented Anatomy. LWW.[PREFERRED] It is essential that you have a cadaver atlas, I recommend: Rohen, J.W., Yokochi, C., Lutjen-Drecoll, E., Chung, K.W. (2011) Color Atlas of Anatomy: A Photographic Study of the Human Body. 7 th Edition. LWW. ISBN: 978-1-58255-856-1 [ESSENTIAL used in CHI108, CHI255, CHI234] It is recommended that you have a colouring book, I recommend: Kapit, W., and Elson, L.M. (2014) The anatomy coloring book. 4 th edition. Pearson. ISBN: 978-0-321-83201-6. [RECOMMENDED] Murdoch University  14 It is essential that you have a text for living anatomy palpation classes: Bickley  LS  (2013)  Bates’  Guide  to  Physical  Examination and History Taking. 11 th edition. LWW. ISBN: 9781609137625 South Street Library Reserve: 616.0754 BIC 2013 This is the same required textbook that you will need next semester for CHI293 Physical Examination. or Muscolino, J.E. (2009) The muscle and bone palpation manual with trigger points, referral patterns, and stretching. 1st edition. Mosby. ISBN: 978-0-323-05171-2. or Cael, CJ (2011) Functional Anatomy: Musculoskeletal Anatomy, Kinesiology, and Palpation for Manual Therapists. LWW. ISBN: 9781451127911 Murdoch University  15 Recommended radiology text books (any 1 of the following): Marchiori DM (2013) Clinical Imaging: with Skeletal, Chest, & Abdominal Pattern Differentials, 3rd edition. Elsevier, St Louis. ISBN: 9780323084956 Weir J, Abrahams PH, Spratt JD, Salkowski LR (2010) Imaging Atlas of Human Anatomy. 4th edition, Mosby, Elsevier, London. ISBN: 9780723434573 Yochum TR, Rowe LJ (2004) Essentials in Skeletal Radiology 3rd ed. LWW. ISBN: 9780781739467 [Note: For chiropractic students, this text will also be used in 3 rd , 4 th , and 5 th year units] Wicke L, (2004) Atlas of Radiographic Anatomy, 7th English edition, Urban and Schwarzenberg, Baltimore. 611.00222 The following will be provided during the teaching period: ?  lecture slides ?  lecture recordings ?  digital media ?  workshop handouts ?  laboratory instructions/workbooks ?  print and electronic library material ?  articles on the web Murdoch University  16 Personal protective equipment for the prosection lab: Laboratory coat*, closed-in shoes # , hair ties. *A number of laboratory coats are available for hire at $2 per session. #  For safety reasons, you will NOT be permitted in the Anatomy Laboratory with shoes that do not cover the dorsum of your foot. Appropriate attire for the surface anatomy class: ? Examination gown and shorts ? Towels/sheets (to protect examination tables and for modesty) ? Non-permanent skin marking pencil You are recommended to purchase an examination gown (~ $20) for palpation classes. This will be used in other chiropractic units such as CHI234, CHI293 and third year onwards. http://www.hospitalgowns.com.au You should have your diagnostic set for classes in Topic 1 and for further use next semester in CHI293 and onwards! Dr Ardakani recommends: Welch Allyn 2.5v LED Non-rechargeable Coaxial Diagnostic Set Welch Allyn 3.5v Coaxial Diagnostic Set - 97200-BI A good-quality stethoscope will be useful for classes in Topic 2. IMMUNISATION Students should please note that immunisation is required for the chiropractic program according to Category A, Schedule 1 of the University policy on vaccination seen here: https://policy.murdoch.edu.au/dotNet/documents/?docid=1536&mode=view Other vaccinations may be required when treating special populations. Murdoch University  17 Recommended apps (recommended by previous students): 1. Essential Anatomy 5 (by 3D4Medical.com) 2. Essential Skeleton 5 (by 3D4Medical.com) 3. Anatomy Learning – 3D Atlas (by AnatomyLearning) 4. Human Anatomy Atlas ( by Visible Body) Recommended Facebook pages 1. Daily Anatomy 2. Human Anatomy Education 3. Radiopaedia.org Recommended Tweeters to Follow 1. @amandameyerphd 2. @kenhub_com 3. @AkramJaffar 4. @Radiopaedia 5. @AnatomyWorld 6. @AnatomyZone Recommended YouTubes from previous students: http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCV2c5vgFcf591rZPv6VDkXA http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCFVr9WK_jSsZrWnQWwKGT2A http://www.youtube.com/user/yojimbo1973/videos http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCesNt4_Z-Pm41RzpAClfVcg http://www.youtube.com/user/DrawItKnowIt/videos Helpful online resources: 1. https://www.kenhub.com/ 2. http://www.biodigital.com 3. http://www.aclandanatomy.com 4. http://thepoint.lww.com/student

代写 CHI255 Human Anatomy II

  19 Assessment Assessment for this unit is conducted in accordance with the Assessment Policy. Schedule of assessment items You will be assessed on the basis of: Assessment item  Description Aligned Learning Outcomes Value  Due Formative Radiology Quizzes Image based quizzes relating to the topic of the week. Run during radiology practical session. Topics 1-3  0%  Weekly Online Tests 1 2 3 Imaged-based MCQ or short- answer Moodle Quiz. To be sat on campus in computer lab LB3.034. Closed book. Supervised. Covers: Topic 1 Topic 2 Topics 3&4 20% 20% 20% 23 March 20 April 26 May Oral Presentation Group of four students to present a 20 minute evidence-based presentation, lecture slides and group meeting minutes. Topics 1-4  20% Weeks 10, 12, 14 Practical Examination Objective-structured practical examination. Covers material from living and radiographic anatomy classes. Stations will be designed to bring all of your anatomical knowledge together in application. Topics 1-4  20% Examinatio n Period Assessment details Formative Radiology Quizzes ?  Projected images during practical sessions (in Amen. 2.014). ?  Short answer, MCQ, or T/F format. ?  Applies practical skills and theoretical knowledge ?  2-4 questions per quiz ?  Relates to topic covered that week. ?  Formative quiz format assists students in preparing for the radiology components of the Anatomy Tests and Practical Examination. ?  Online Tests ?  Moodle Quizzes. ?  Supervised on campus in computer lab LB3.034. ?  Image-based multiple-choice or short-answer questions. Murdoch University  20 ?  Images will be largely drawn from practical & laboratory classes (i.e. cadaveric/living/radiographic anatomy) and may be supplemented by those from the essential textbooks. ?  Each test will have between 20-60 questions. ?  Will be worth 20% of the final grade each (3 x 20% = 60%) Oral Presentation ?  Students will form groups of four during the first class. ?  Groups will nominate a topic from a list provided by the Unit Coordinator. ?  Students will provide a group oral presentation in either week 10, 12 or 14. ?  Students will submit the lecture slides and meeting minutes AT LEAST 24 hours prior to the delivery of the oral presentation. ?  Students will deliver a 15 minute oral presentation and will be marked according to the following rubric: Organisation (15%) 15 Consistently clear, concise, well organized. Points were easy to follow because of the organization. Transitions between sections were smooth and coordinated. 11 Usually clear, concise, well organized. Most of the presentation was easy to follow. Transitions between sections usually coordinated. 8 Not always clear or concise. Organisation was adequate, but weak. Occasionally wandered and was sometimes difficult to follow. Transitions between sections weak. 4 Often unclear and disorganised, rambled too much. The presentation was confusing and difficult to follow. Transitions between sections awkward. Topic Knowledge (20%) 20 Displayed an excellent grasp of the material. Demonstrated excellent mastery of content, applications and implications. Excellent depth of knowledge through literature search and research. 15 Displayed a general grasp of the material. Demonstrated good mastery of content, application and implications. Good research depth. 10 Displayed some grasp of the material. Demonstrated adequate mastery of content, application and implications. Research not very deep. 5 Displayed a poor grasp of the material. Demonstrated a superficial handling of content, application and implications. Little depth of research. Anatomical Knowledge (20%) 20 Clear synthesis of basic anatomy to the clinical setting. Clearly displayed mastery of anatomical knowledge and role in chosen topic. 15 Exhibited some anatomical knowledge and its link to the chosen topic. 10 Minimal grasp of anatomical knowledge. Had difficulty applying anatomical relevance to topic. 5 Lacked understanding of relationship of basic anatomical knowledge to their clinical topic. Murdoch University  21 Visual Aids (15%) 15 Simple, clear, easy to read and interpret. Well- coordinated with content, well designed, used very effectively. Excellent example of how to prepare and use good visual aids. 11 Usually clear, easy to read and interpret. Generally well- coordinated with content, design was OK, generally used effectively. Demonstrated some understanding of how to use visual aids. 8 Marginally acceptable, too complex, crowded, difficult to read and interpret. Adequate coordination with content. Used only adequately. Showed little understanding of how to prepare and use visual aids. 4 Poor quality visual aids (or none), hard to read, technically inaccurate, poorly constructed. Poor coordination of content. Used poorly. The presenter did not seem to know how to prepare or use visual aids effectively. Determination of Unit Mark and Grade Component marks shall be combined consistent with the weightings assigned to the components  as  illustrated  in  the  “Schedule  of  assessment  items  &  assessment  details”  above. The University does not allow marks and grades to be scaled. University grades are awarded as follows: Summary (15%) 15 Clear, concise, major points emphasized, clear recommendations, strong conclusion or call for action. 11 Referred to main points, recommendations weak or missing, weak conclusions or call for action. 8 Vague mention of major points, no recommendations, weak conclusion, weak or no call for action. 4 No summary, no recommendations, no conclusions, no call for action. Stage Presence (15%) 15 Excellent stage presence. Confident, used notes well, at ease, excellent gestures, good audience attention, good eye contact. 11 Good stage presence. Fairly confident, used notes fairly well, good gestures, acceptable audience attention and eye contact. 8 Adequate stage presence. Read parts, fumbled with notes, several distracting mannerisms, minimal gestures, minimal eye contact,  too  many  “ums”. 4 Poor stage presence. Unprepared, awkward, poor eye  contact,  lots  of  “ums”,  turned from audience to read projection/notes, shuffled feet, fidgeted. Poor gestures. Additional Feedback Specific strengths of presentation Specific weaknesses of presentation Murdoch University  22 Deferred Assessment Students seeking to defer assessment due prior to the beginning of the last week of the academic period must lodge an application in writing to the Unit Coordinator, who shall determine the outcome of the application in accordance with Section 9 of the Assessment Policy 2016. The appropriate documentation can be found at: http://our.murdoch.edu.au/Student-life/_document/Useful-forms/DeferAssess.pdf For more information, visit: http://our.murdoch.edu.au/Student-life/Get-organised/About-exams/Deferred- assessment/ Supplementary Assessment If a student achieves an overall unit score between 45-49%, the Unit Coordinator may, in accordance with Assessment Guideline section 4, decide to offer a supplementary assessment. The Unit Coordinator will review class attendance, participation and assessment results to determine if a further opportunity to demonstrate achievement of the  unit’s  Learning  Outcomes  is  warranted.

代写 CHI255 Human Anatomy II

  Murdoch University  23 Murdoch University  24 Administration Information Please click on the links below to access the following policies of Murdoch University: Assessment Policy Complaints Management Policy Conscientious Objection in Teaching and Assessment Policy Non-discriminatory language Student Appeals Policy Student Code of Conduct Student Disability Policy Technical help available at: http://our.murdoch.edu.au/Educational-technologies/ Copyright information at: http://library.murdoch.edu.au/Copyright-matters/Student-support/ Murdoch University  25 Learning Guide Introduction CHI255 Human Anatomy II will provide students with a thorough knowledge of the gross (living and cadaveric) and radiographic anatomy of musculoskeletal and visceral components of the head, neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Living and radiographic anatomy are core components of CHI255 as after graduation, most health professionals will experience anatomy as either living anatomy (e.g. palpation; manipulation; massage) or clinical images (e.g. ultrasound; x-ray; CT; MRI). This unit aims to give students a solid foundation of anatomy on which to build on in future units such as Physical Examination (CHI293) and clinical practice. This Learning Guide contains information on how to study each topic, including: ?  Introductory information ?  Learning activities/tasks ?  Resources required for the topic ?  How  the  topic  contributes  to  the  unit’s  learning  outcomes Murdoch University  26 Topic 1: HEAD & NECK What you need to do ? Attend all classes ? Log on to the Learning Management System (LMS). ? Navigate to Topic 1: HEAD & NECK on the CHI255 page. ? Read lecture notes or watch lecture recordings posted on LMS. ? Complete formative & summative assessments. Learning outcomes Listed on pages 4 & 5 of this document. Resources for this topic All resources, except for the essential textbooks, will be linked or uploaded to the LMS. To undertake study for this topic, you will need: Essential textbook Moore KL, Dalley AF & Agur AM (2014) Clinically oriented anatomy. 7 th edition. LWW, Baltimore, MD, USA. ISBN: 978-1-4511-1945-9. Rohen JW, Yokochi C & Lutjen-Drecoll E (2016) Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas. 8 th edition. Schattauer GmbH and Wolters Kluwer. Germany. ISBN: 978-1-4511-9318-3 Bickley  LS  &  Szilagyi  PG  (2013)  Bates’  guide  to  physical  examination  and  history-taking. 11 th edition. Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-1-60913-762-5 Recommended reading, online resources & Audio-visual media Will be linked or placed on the LMS. Murdoch University  27 Learning activities/tasks ?  Group work/project ?  Lab activities ?  Online discussion ?  Quizzes ?  Self-assessments ?  Study and tutorial questions ?  Workshop activities Topic 2: THORAX What you need to do ? Attend all classes ? Log on to the Learning Management System (LMS). ? Navigate to Topic 2:THORAX on the CHI255 page. ? Read lecture notes or watch lecture recordings posted on LMS. ? Complete formative & summative assessments. Learning outcomes Listed on pages 5 & 6 of this document. Resources for this topic All resources, except for the essential textbooks, will be linked or uploaded to the LMS. To undertake study for this topic, you will need: Essential textbook Moore KL, Dalley AF & Agur AM (2014) Clinically oriented anatomy. 7th edition. LWW, Baltimore, MD, USA. ISBN: 978-1-4511-1945-9. Rohen JW, Yokochi C & Lutjen-Drecoll E (2016) Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas. 8th edition. Schattauer GmbH and Wolters Kluwer. Germany. ISBN: 978-1-4511-9318-3 Murdoch University  28 Bickley  LS  &  Szilagyi  PG  (2013)  Bates’  guide  to  physical  examination  and  history-taking. 11th edition. Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-1-60913- 762-5 Recommended reading, online resources & Audio-visual media Will be linked or placed on the LMS. Learning activities/tasks ?  Group work/project ?  Lab activities ?  Online discussion ?  Quizzes ?  Self-assessments ?  Study and tutorial questions ?  Workshop activities Topic 3: ABDOMEN What you need to do ? Attend all classes ? Log on to the Learning Management System (LMS). ? Navigate to Topic 3: ABDOMEN on the CHI255 page. ? Read lecture notes or watch lecture recordings posted on LMS. ? Complete formative & summative assessments. Learning outcomes Listed on pages 6 & 7 of this document. Resources for this topic All resources, except for the essential textbooks, will be linked or uploaded to the LMS. Murdoch University  29 To undertake study for this topic, you will need: Essential textbook Moore KL, Dalley AF & Agur AM (2014) Clinically oriented anatomy. 7th edition. LWW, Baltimore, MD, USA. ISBN: 978-1-4511-1945-9. Rohen JW, Yokochi C & Lutjen-Drecoll E (2016) Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas. 8th edition. Schattauer GmbH and Wolters Kluwer. Germany. ISBN: 978-1-4511-9318-3 Bickley  LS  &  Szilagyi  PG  (2013)  Bates’  guide  to  physical  examination  and  history-taking. 11th edition. Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-1-60913- 762-5 Recommended reading, online resources & Audio-visual media Will be linked or placed on the LMS. Learning activities/tasks ?  Group work/project ?  Lab activities ?  Online discussion ?  Quizzes ?  Self-assessments ?  Study and tutorial questions ?  Workshop activities Topic 4: PELVIS & PERINEUM What you need to do ? Attend all classes ? Log on to the Learning Management System (LMS). ? Navigate to Topic 4: PELVIS & PERINEUM on the CHI255 page. ? Read lecture notes or watch lecture recordings posted on LMS. ? Complete formative & summative assessments. Murdoch University  30 Learning outcomes Listed on page 8 of this document. Resources for this topic All resources, except for the essential textbooks, will be linked or uploaded to the LMS. To undertake study for this topic, you will need: Essential textbook Moore KL, Dalley AF & Agur AM (2014) Clinically oriented anatomy. 7th edition. LWW, Baltimore, MD, USA. ISBN: 978-1-4511-1945-9. Rohen JW, Yokochi C & Lutjen-Drecoll E (2016) Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas. 8th edition. Schattauer GmbH and Wolters Kluwer. Germany. ISBN: 978-1-4511-9318-3 Bickley  LS  &  Szilagyi  PG  (2013)  Bates’  guide  to  physical  examination  and  history-taking. 11th edition. Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN: 978-1-60913- 762-5 Recommended reading, online resources & Audio-visual media Will be linked or placed on the LMS. Learning activities/tasks ?  Group work/project ?  Lab activities ?  Online discussion ?  Quizzes ?  Self-assessments ?  Study and tutorial questions ?  Workshop activities Murdoch University  31 Topic 1: Assumed knowledge from CHI108 1. Be able to identify and use correct terminology to define the three common anatomic planes 2. Compare, contrast and use the proper terms to describe directions in the body. 3. Compare and describe the organisation of grey and white matter in the brain. 4. Identify the subdivisions of the brain (frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, cerebellum, midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata). 5. Describe the characteristics of the cranial meninges and the cranial dural septa. 6. Identify the ventricles of the brain (lateral x 2, third ventricle, cerebral aqueduct, fourth ventricle). 7. Identify the major arteries supplying the brain: vertebral arteries, basilar artery, internal carotid arteries. 8. Identify the vessels of the cerebral arterial circle (anterior cerebral artery, anterior communicating artery, middle cerebral artery, posterior communicating artery, posterior cerebral artery). 9. Identify the divisions of the diencephalon (pineal gland, thalamus, hypothalamus) and briefly describe their functions. 10. Identify the components of the brainstem (midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata) and briefly describe their functions. 11. Identify the divisions of the cerebellum and briefly describe its function. 12. Identify the 12 cranial nerves and describe their location. 13. Describe the principal functions of each cranial nerve pair. 14. Identify the cranial nerves involved in gustation, olfaction, vision, equilibrium and hearing. 15. Draw and describe a section through the spinal cord. 16. Compare and contrast the distribution of white and grey matter in the spinal cord versus cerebrum. 17. Draw and describe a typical spinal nerve formation. 18. Understand the differences between dorsal and ventral spinal cord roots. 19. Understand the differences between the dorsal and ventral primary rami. 20. Understand the differences between spinal cord roots and spinal nerve. 21. Define the concept of a dermatome and understand its clinical significance. 22. Understand the concept of nerve plexuses (you will not be required to name individual peripheral nerves in CHI108, you will in CHI255 and CHI234). Murdoch University  32 23. Compare and contrast the anatomy and functions of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. 24. Compare and contrast the anatomy of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. 25. Identify and use the anatomic terms that describe the surface features of bone 26. Identify bone markings on the major bones of the human skeleton. 27. Describe the three structural categories of joints: fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial. 28. Be able to structurally classify the joints of the human body. 29. Describe the functional categories of joints: synarthroses, amphiarthroses and diarthroses. 30. Be able to functionally classify the joints of the human body. 31. Be able to draw and describe the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). 32. Be able to draw and describe the intervertebral (IV) joints. 33. Identify the cranial and facial bones of the skull. 34. Locate and name the sutures between the cranial bones. 35. Describe the structure of the nasal complex and paranasal sinuses. 36. Identify the three auditory ossicles. 37. Discuss the structure of the hyoid bone. 38. Compare the morphology between male and female skulls. 39. Compare and contrast child and adult skulls. 40. Identify the parts of a typical vertebra. 41. Compare the vertebrae from each region of the vertebral column. 42. Be able to draw vertebrae from each region of the vertebral column. 43. Identify the major muscles involved in facial expression. Be able to recall their origin, insertion and action. 44. Identify the muscles of mastication and outline how each affects mandibular movement. Be able to recall their origin, insertion and action. 45. Identify the muscles involved in the major movements of the head and neck. Be able to recall their origin, insertion and action. 46. Identify the infrahyoid (omohyoid, thyroid, sternohyoid and sternothyroid) and suprahyoid (digastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid) muscles. 47. Identify and understand the origin, insertion and action of the following muscles: levator scapulae, longissimus capitis, masseter, medial/lateral pterygoids, scalenes, splenius capitis/cervicis and sternocleidomastoid (for head and neck region). Murdoch University  33 48. Identify the following blood vessels in the head and neck region: aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, common carotid artery, external carotid artery, external carotid artery, internal carotid artery, circle of Willis, subclavian artery, external jugular vein, internal jugular vein. Topic 2: Assumed knowledge (CHI108) 1. Identify the position and location of the heart. 2. Discuss the structure and function of the pericardium. 3. Describe the external anatomy of the heart and its major vessels. 4. Observe and identify the internal anatomic characteristics of each heart chamber. 5. Identify the location and origins of the coronary arteries. 6. Describe the effect of sympathetic versus parasympathetic stimulation of the heart. 7. Identify and describe the anatomy and function of the lungs. 8. Trace the pattern of blood flow through the heart and lungs. 9. Compare and contrast fetal versus adult circulation. 10. Compare and contrast the structure of arteries and veins. 11. List and describe the major blood vessels involved in blood flow to and from all the body tissues. 12. Vessels you should be able to identify include: a. aortic arch b. brachiocephalic trunk c. common carotid artery d. external carotid artery e. internal carotid artery f. external jugular vein g. internal jugular vein h. subclavian artery i.  axillary artery j.  descending aorta k. pulmonary artery l.  pulmonary vein m. superior vena cava n. inferior vena cava

代写 CHI255 Human Anatomy II